– Ross Sea party deaths: antarcticguide.com (accessed October 2026). Spencer-Smith died March 8, 1916; Mackintosh and Hayward lost May 8, 1916; survivors rescued January 10, 1917.
– South Georgia crossing details: tomcreandiscovery.com (accessed October 2026).
– Luis Pardo and Yelcho: pardo letter to father confirmed in multiple sources; Yelcho built 1906 by G. Brown & Co. Greenock, purchased by Chilean Navy 1908.
– Endurance22 wreck discovery: endurance22.org; rnz.co.nz (accessed October 2026). Wreck announced March 9, 2022, at 3,008 meters depth, by Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust. Mensun Bound expedition director; Dr. John Shears expedition leader.
– Valparaíso reception: 30,000 persons at dockside, September 27, 1916; multiple contemporary accounts.
– Ross Sea party: Aurora left January 1917 for rescue; Shackleton aboard; survivors reached Wellington February 9, 1917.